WRITTEN TESTIMONY FOR THE RECORD 
By Leah Hodges
Evacuee, New Orleans Lousiana
Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina
December 6, 2005

I wish to thank everyone who is listening today for the chance to communicate my story.  I come to Congress today representing not just myself, but hundreds, even thousand of other New Orleans residents who experienced the same or similar traumatic experiences and witnessed the same or similar events.

I come from a family of musicians.  Before Hurricane Katrina, we were planning a musical family reunion.  I had taken time off from pursuing my law degree to care for my sick granddad.  I was also in the process of working with community leaders on setting up music and art workshops for youths.  The manual I was writing for the workshops was severely damaged in the flood.  I intend to finish it.  

But I have also started a new project, which is all about my experience as a detainee at the Highway 10 causeway.  

Let me begin with a few general points.

1.	I don’t need to point out the failures of the President, the Governor of Louisiana and the Mayor of New Orleans, as these individuals have already claimed responsibility for everything that happened to us as the result of the hurricane and its aftermath.

2.	The people of New Orleans were stranded in a flood and were allowed to die.  The military had personnel stationed just 40 miles outside the city, and they could have moved in and gotten people out sooner.  People were allowed to die.

3.	Animals from the animal shelter and fish from the fish aquarium were evacuated before the people.

4.	The President and local officials issued “shoot to kill orders” and people were shot.  People who asked for help were threatened with being shot.  My niece and her fiancé, they needed gas.  Her fiancé asked military help and they told “if you don’t get back inside we will shoot you.”  

5.	Bodies are still being found every day in New Orleans.  Most people in New Orleans do not believe the official body counts. 

6.	The devastation that hit New Orleans was foreseeable and avoidable, and because it was not avoided, New Orleans was turned into a mass grave.

7.	As a hurricane survivor, I and my family were detained, not rescued.

My family was ordered to evacuate our home.  We were directed to evacuation points.  Beforehand, I, my mother, my brother and two sisters were visited a nursing home where the elderly clients had been abandoned by the owners and staff.  There were five elderly persons there; the others had been evacuated earlier, perhaps by family.  The day before the flood, the manager had come and told everyone they had to get out.  Taking the keys to the bus that the home used to transport the senior citizens, the manager left them stranded.  We rescued them.  We shared all our food and provisions.  When we approached the police and asked for help, the refused to help us.  Instead, they threatened to shoot my baby brother.

We were then lured to the so-called evacuation points.  This was several days after the hurricane had struck.  The city was flooded.  Soldiers had showed up with M16s and military weapons.  They had declared New Orleans and Jefferson Parish a war zone.  They loaded us onto military trucks after they told us they would take us to shelters where our basic needs would be met.

We were dropped off at a site where we were fenced in, and penned in with military vehicles, The armed military personnel brought in dogs.  There we were subjected to conditions only comparable to a concentration camp.  

We were in a wide open space along the interstate and under the Highway 10 causeway.  The overpass provided little shade, however.  During the days, we were exposed to the hot sun.  August is the hottest month in New Orleans.  It was early September and still extremely hot.  Our skin blistered.  My mother’s skin is still not fully healed.

We were just three miles from an airport, but we were detained there for several days.  Many of those who were there when we arrived had already been there several days.  On any given day there were at least ten thousand people in the camp.  On my last day there, I would estimate there were still three thousand detainees.  By that time, nearly all the white people had been selected to evacuate first.  They were put on buses and shipped out, leaving the remaining population 95 per cent black.

There was muck and trash all over the causeway.  Nothing was done to clean it up.  At night, we were subject to sleep deprivation as low-flying helicopters were deliberately flown right over us.  They would throw up the muck and trash, so that it would get all over us, even the pregnant women, the elderly, the infirm.

The military did not bring anything to help keep any of us alive.  Not even a first aid kit.  But they had body bags.  They were doing nothing for the pregnant women.  Some women miscarried.  I know that conditions at the Convention Center were much the same.  My niece was there.  She was pregnant and she was terrified that her unborn baby had died.  When she asked the military for help, they told her to wait until she was sure the baby was dead and then talk to them.

When I later spoke of my experience to a state trooper, he told me: “I would have rebelled.”  They set us up so that we would rebel, so that they could shoot us.  At one point they brought in two truckloads of dogs and let the dogs out.  

We would circulate through the camp to assist the sick and elderly and pregnant.  One day, when I was on my way to get some water, a met a friend.  He was a fellow musician.  He told me that he wanted to try to get word out to the news media.  But he was afraid to leave his family.  I told him I would look after his family.  But while he was gone I also had to circle back and check on my own family.  I found that my brother had come up with an idea.  He had persuaded a woman who was pregnant and due for labor to fake as if she were in labor.  They told those in charge that she needed medical attention or she could have a miscarriage, and that got her out.  

There was an old man from the senior center, he was an amputee.  We had to carry him to the bathroom.  They would not assist in caring for our people.  The heat was unbearable.  We got to the point we were so afraid of losing him to a heat stroke.  We told them he was in a diabetic coma, that’s how we got him out.  

Mother is a cardiac patient, born with an enlarged heart.  She suffers extreme hypertension.  For three days I pleaded with them for care, and they would not do anything.  Finally, on the third day, someone came out to check her blood pressure.  The sphignomonometer did not appear to be in working condition.  I told the man, who was from the Coast Guard, to take my blood pressure first.  The thing fell to pieces in his hands.  It never worked.  

The camp was so big, and people were scattered.  People were deliberately kept apart.  One woman was not allowed to see her two children.

At the camp, they lied and told us all the buses were going to the same place.  They wouldn’t tell us when the buses were coming.  Meanwhile, my Mother sat in the blazing hot sun…

On the last day they refused to give food and water to the ill for 24 hours.  

People died in the camp.  We saw the bodies lying there.

They were all about detention, as if it were Iraq, like we were foreigners and they were fighting a war.  They implemented war-like conditions.  They treated us worse than prisoners of war.  Even prisoners of war have rights under the Geneva Convention.